diff --git a/ptx/src/pass/extract_globals.rs b/ptx/src/pass/extract_globals.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..680a5ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ptx/src/pass/extract_globals.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+use super::*;
+
+pub(super) fn run<'input, 'b>(
+    sorted_statements: Vec<ExpandedStatement>,
+    ptx_impl_imports: &mut HashMap<String, Directive>,
+    id_def: &mut NumericIdResolver,
+) -> Result<(Vec<ExpandedStatement>, Vec<ast::Variable<SpirvWord>>), TranslateError> {
+    let mut local = Vec::with_capacity(sorted_statements.len());
+    let mut global = Vec::new();
+    for statement in sorted_statements {
+        match statement {
+            Statement::Variable(
+                var @ ast::Variable {
+                    state_space: ast::StateSpace::Shared,
+                    ..
+                },
+            )
+            | Statement::Variable(
+                var @ ast::Variable {
+                    state_space: ast::StateSpace::Global,
+                    ..
+                },
+            ) => global.push(var),
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Bfe { data, arguments }) => {
+                let fn_name = [ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX, "bfe_", scalar_to_ptx_name(data)].concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Bfe { data, arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Bfi { data, arguments }) => {
+                let fn_name = [ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX, "bfi_", scalar_to_ptx_name(data)].concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Bfi { data, arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Brev { data, arguments }) => {
+                let fn_name: String =
+                    [ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX, "brev_", scalar_to_ptx_name(data)].concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Brev { data, arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Activemask { arguments }) => {
+                let fn_name = [ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX, "activemask"].concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Activemask { arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Atom {
+                data:
+                    data @ ast::AtomDetails {
+                        op: ast::AtomicOp::IncrementWrap,
+                        semantics,
+                        scope,
+                        space,
+                        ..
+                    },
+                arguments,
+            }) => {
+                let fn_name = [
+                    ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX,
+                    "atom_",
+                    semantics_to_ptx_name(semantics),
+                    "_",
+                    scope_to_ptx_name(scope),
+                    "_",
+                    space_to_ptx_name(space),
+                    "_inc",
+                ]
+                .concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Atom { data, arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Atom {
+                data:
+                    data @ ast::AtomDetails {
+                        op: ast::AtomicOp::DecrementWrap,
+                        semantics,
+                        scope,
+                        space,
+                        ..
+                    },
+                arguments,
+            }) => {
+                let fn_name = [
+                    ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX,
+                    "atom_",
+                    semantics_to_ptx_name(semantics),
+                    "_",
+                    scope_to_ptx_name(scope),
+                    "_",
+                    space_to_ptx_name(space),
+                    "_dec",
+                ]
+                .concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Atom { data, arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Atom {
+                data:
+                    data @ ast::AtomDetails {
+                        op: ast::AtomicOp::FloatAdd,
+                        semantics,
+                        scope,
+                        space,
+                        ..
+                    },
+                arguments,
+            }) => {
+                let scalar_type = match data.type_ {
+                    ptx_parser::Type::Scalar(scalar) => scalar,
+                    _ => return Err(error_unreachable()),
+                };
+                let fn_name = [
+                    ZLUDA_PTX_PREFIX,
+                    "atom_",
+                    semantics_to_ptx_name(semantics),
+                    "_",
+                    scope_to_ptx_name(scope),
+                    "_",
+                    space_to_ptx_name(space),
+                    "_add_",
+                    scalar_to_ptx_name(scalar_type),
+                ]
+                .concat();
+                local.push(instruction_to_fn_call(
+                    id_def,
+                    ptx_impl_imports,
+                    ast::Instruction::Atom { data, arguments },
+                    fn_name,
+                )?);
+            }
+            s => local.push(s),
+        }
+    }
+    Ok((local, global))
+}
+
+fn instruction_to_fn_call(
+    id_defs: &mut NumericIdResolver,
+    ptx_impl_imports: &mut HashMap<String, Directive>,
+    inst: ast::Instruction<SpirvWord>,
+    fn_name: String,
+) -> Result<ExpandedStatement, TranslateError> {
+    let mut arguments = Vec::new();
+    ast::visit_map(inst, &mut |operand,
+                               type_space: Option<(
+        &ast::Type,
+        ast::StateSpace,
+    )>,
+                               is_dst,
+                               _| {
+        let (typ, space) = match type_space {
+            Some((typ, space)) => (typ.clone(), space),
+            None => return Err(error_unreachable()),
+        };
+        arguments.push((operand, is_dst, typ, space));
+        Ok(SpirvWord(0))
+    })?;
+    let return_arguments_count = arguments
+        .iter()
+        .position(|(desc, is_dst, _, _)| !is_dst)
+        .unwrap_or(arguments.len());
+    let (return_arguments, input_arguments) = arguments.split_at(return_arguments_count);
+    let fn_id = register_external_fn_call(
+        id_defs,
+        ptx_impl_imports,
+        fn_name,
+        return_arguments
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(_, _, typ, state)| (typ, *state)),
+        input_arguments
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(_, _, typ, state)| (typ, *state)),
+    )?;
+    Ok(Statement::Instruction(ast::Instruction::Call {
+        data: ast::CallDetails {
+            uniform: false,
+            return_arguments: return_arguments
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(_, _, typ, state)| (typ.clone(), *state))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            input_arguments: input_arguments
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(_, _, typ, state)| (typ.clone(), *state))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        },
+        arguments: ast::CallArgs {
+            return_arguments: return_arguments
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(name, _, _, _)| *name)
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            func: fn_id,
+            input_arguments: input_arguments
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(name, _, _, _)| *name)
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        },
+    }))
+}
+
+fn scalar_to_ptx_name(this: ast::ScalarType) -> &'static str {
+    match this {
+        ast::ScalarType::B8 => "b8",
+        ast::ScalarType::B16 => "b16",
+        ast::ScalarType::B32 => "b32",
+        ast::ScalarType::B64 => "b64",
+        ast::ScalarType::B128 => "b128",
+        ast::ScalarType::U8 => "u8",
+        ast::ScalarType::U16 => "u16",
+        ast::ScalarType::U16x2 => "u16x2",
+        ast::ScalarType::U32 => "u32",
+        ast::ScalarType::U64 => "u64",
+        ast::ScalarType::S8 => "s8",
+        ast::ScalarType::S16 => "s16",
+        ast::ScalarType::S16x2 => "s16x2",
+        ast::ScalarType::S32 => "s32",
+        ast::ScalarType::S64 => "s64",
+        ast::ScalarType::F16 => "f16",
+        ast::ScalarType::F16x2 => "f16x2",
+        ast::ScalarType::F32 => "f32",
+        ast::ScalarType::F64 => "f64",
+        ast::ScalarType::BF16 => "bf16",
+        ast::ScalarType::BF16x2 => "bf16x2",
+        ast::ScalarType::Pred => "pred",
+    }
+}
+
+fn semantics_to_ptx_name(this: ast::AtomSemantics) -> &'static str {
+    match this {
+        ast::AtomSemantics::Relaxed => "relaxed",
+        ast::AtomSemantics::Acquire => "acquire",
+        ast::AtomSemantics::Release => "release",
+        ast::AtomSemantics::AcqRel => "acq_rel",
+    }
+}
+
+fn scope_to_ptx_name(this: ast::MemScope) -> &'static str {
+    match this {
+        ast::MemScope::Cta => "cta",
+        ast::MemScope::Gpu => "gpu",
+        ast::MemScope::Sys => "sys",
+        ast::MemScope::Cluster => "cluster",
+    }
+}
+
+fn space_to_ptx_name(this: ast::StateSpace) -> &'static str {
+    match this {
+        ast::StateSpace::Generic => "generic",
+        ast::StateSpace::Global => "global",
+        ast::StateSpace::Shared => "shared",
+        ast::StateSpace::Reg => "reg",
+        ast::StateSpace::Const => "const",
+        ast::StateSpace::Local => "local",
+        ast::StateSpace::Param => "param",
+        ast::StateSpace::Sreg => "sreg",
+        ast::StateSpace::SharedCluster => "shared_cluster",
+        ast::StateSpace::ParamEntry => "param_entry",
+        ast::StateSpace::SharedCta => "shared_cta",
+        ast::StateSpace::ParamFunc => "param_func",
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ptx/src/pass/fix_special_registers.rs b/ptx/src/pass/fix_special_registers.rs
index 871537d..304bc61 100644
--- a/ptx/src/pass/fix_special_registers.rs
+++ b/ptx/src/pass/fix_special_registers.rs
@@ -128,56 +128,3 @@ impl<'a, 'b, 'input> SpecialRegisterResolver<'a, 'b, 'input> {
         }
     }
 }
-
-fn register_external_fn_call<'a>(
-    id_defs: &mut NumericIdResolver,
-    ptx_impl_imports: &mut HashMap<String, Directive>,
-    name: String,
-    return_arguments: impl Iterator<Item = (&'a ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
-    input_arguments: impl Iterator<Item = (&'a ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
-) -> Result<SpirvWord, TranslateError> {
-    match ptx_impl_imports.entry(name) {
-        hash_map::Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
-            let fn_id = id_defs.register_intermediate(None);
-            let return_arguments = fn_arguments_to_variables(id_defs, return_arguments);
-            let input_arguments = fn_arguments_to_variables(id_defs, input_arguments);
-            let func_decl = ast::MethodDeclaration::<SpirvWord> {
-                return_arguments,
-                name: ast::MethodName::Func(fn_id),
-                input_arguments,
-                shared_mem: None,
-            };
-            let func = Function {
-                func_decl: Rc::new(RefCell::new(func_decl)),
-                globals: Vec::new(),
-                body: None,
-                import_as: Some(entry.key().clone()),
-                tuning: Vec::new(),
-                linkage: ast::LinkingDirective::EXTERN,
-            };
-            entry.insert(Directive::Method(func));
-            Ok(fn_id)
-        }
-        hash_map::Entry::Occupied(entry) => match entry.get() {
-            Directive::Method(Function { func_decl, .. }) => match (**func_decl).borrow().name {
-                ast::MethodName::Func(fn_id) => Ok(fn_id),
-                ast::MethodName::Kernel(_) => Err(error_unreachable()),
-            },
-            _ => Err(error_unreachable()),
-        },
-    }
-}
-
-fn fn_arguments_to_variables<'a>(
-    id_defs: &mut NumericIdResolver,
-    args: impl Iterator<Item = (&'a ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
-) -> Vec<ast::Variable<SpirvWord>> {
-    args.map(|(typ, space)| ast::Variable {
-        align: None,
-        v_type: typ.clone(),
-        state_space: space,
-        name: id_defs.register_intermediate(None),
-        array_init: Vec::new(),
-    })
-    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/ptx/src/pass/insert_implicit_conversions.rs b/ptx/src/pass/insert_implicit_conversions.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a0dc8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ptx/src/pass/insert_implicit_conversions.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+use std::mem;
+
+use super::*;
+use ptx_parser as ast;
+
+/*
+ There are several kinds of implicit conversions in PTX:
+ * auto-bitcast: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/parallel-thread-execution/index.html#type-information-for-instructions-and-operands
+ * special ld/st/cvt conversion rules: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/parallel-thread-execution/index.html#operand-size-exceeding-instruction-type-size
+   - ld.param: not documented, but for instruction `ld.param.<type> x, [y]`,
+     semantics are to first zext/chop/bitcast `y` as needed and then do
+     documented special ld/st/cvt conversion rules for destination operands
+   - st.param [x] y (used as function return arguments) same rule as above applies
+   - generic/global ld: for instruction `ld x, [y]`, y must be of type
+     b64/u64/s64, which is bitcast to a pointer, dereferenced and then
+     documented special ld/st/cvt conversion rules are applied to dst
+   - generic/global st: for instruction `st [x], y`, x must be of type
+     b64/u64/s64, which is bitcast to a pointer
+*/
+pub(super) fn run(
+    func: Vec<ExpandedStatement>,
+    id_def: &mut MutableNumericIdResolver,
+) -> Result<Vec<ExpandedStatement>, TranslateError> {
+    let mut result = Vec::with_capacity(func.len());
+    for s in func.into_iter() {
+        match s {
+            Statement::Instruction(inst) => {
+                insert_implicit_conversions_impl(
+                    &mut result,
+                    id_def,
+                    Statement::Instruction(inst),
+                )?;
+            }
+            Statement::PtrAccess(access) => {
+                insert_implicit_conversions_impl(
+                    &mut result,
+                    id_def,
+                    Statement::PtrAccess(access),
+                )?;
+            }
+            Statement::RepackVector(repack) => {
+                insert_implicit_conversions_impl(
+                    &mut result,
+                    id_def,
+                    Statement::RepackVector(repack),
+                )?;
+            }
+            s @ Statement::Conditional(_)
+            | s @ Statement::Conversion(_)
+            | s @ Statement::Label(_)
+            | s @ Statement::Constant(_)
+            | s @ Statement::Variable(_)
+            | s @ Statement::LoadVar(..)
+            | s @ Statement::StoreVar(..)
+            | s @ Statement::RetValue(..)
+            | s @ Statement::FunctionPointer(..) => result.push(s),
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(result)
+}
+
+fn insert_implicit_conversions_impl(
+    func: &mut Vec<ExpandedStatement>,
+    id_def: &mut MutableNumericIdResolver,
+    stmt: ExpandedStatement,
+) -> Result<(), TranslateError> {
+    let mut post_conv = Vec::new();
+    let statement = stmt.visit_map::<SpirvWord, TranslateError>(
+        &mut |operand,
+              type_state: Option<(&ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
+              is_dst,
+              relaxed_type_check| {
+            let (instr_type, instruction_space) = match type_state {
+                None => return Ok(operand),
+                Some(t) => t,
+            };
+            let (operand_type, operand_space) = id_def.get_typed(operand)?;
+            let conversion_fn = if relaxed_type_check {
+                if is_dst {
+                    should_convert_relaxed_dst_wrapper
+                } else {
+                    should_convert_relaxed_src_wrapper
+                }
+            } else {
+                default_implicit_conversion
+            };
+            match conversion_fn(
+                (operand_space, &operand_type),
+                (instruction_space, instr_type),
+            )? {
+                Some(conv_kind) => {
+                    let conv_output = if is_dst { &mut post_conv } else { &mut *func };
+                    let mut from_type = instr_type.clone();
+                    let mut from_space = instruction_space;
+                    let mut to_type = operand_type;
+                    let mut to_space = operand_space;
+                    let mut src =
+                        id_def.register_intermediate(instr_type.clone(), instruction_space);
+                    let mut dst = operand;
+                    let result = Ok::<_, TranslateError>(src);
+                    if !is_dst {
+                        mem::swap(&mut src, &mut dst);
+                        mem::swap(&mut from_type, &mut to_type);
+                        mem::swap(&mut from_space, &mut to_space);
+                    }
+                    conv_output.push(Statement::Conversion(ImplicitConversion {
+                        src,
+                        dst,
+                        from_type,
+                        from_space,
+                        to_type,
+                        to_space,
+                        kind: conv_kind,
+                    }));
+                    result
+                }
+                None => Ok(operand),
+            }
+        },
+    )?;
+    func.push(statement);
+    func.append(&mut post_conv);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn default_implicit_conversion(
+    (operand_space, operand_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+    (instruction_space, instruction_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+) -> Result<Option<ConversionKind>, TranslateError> {
+    if !state_is_compatible(instruction_space, operand_space) {
+        default_implicit_conversion_space(
+            (operand_space, operand_type),
+            (instruction_space, instruction_type),
+        )
+    } else if instruction_type != operand_type {
+        default_implicit_conversion_type(instruction_space, operand_type, instruction_type)
+    } else {
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+}
+
+// Space is different
+fn default_implicit_conversion_space(
+    (operand_space, operand_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+    (instruction_space, instruction_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+) -> Result<Option<ConversionKind>, TranslateError> {
+    if (instruction_space == ast::StateSpace::Generic && coerces_to_generic(operand_space))
+        || (operand_space == ast::StateSpace::Generic && coerces_to_generic(instruction_space))
+    {
+        Ok(Some(ConversionKind::PtrToPtr))
+    } else if state_is_compatible(operand_space, ast::StateSpace::Reg) {
+        match operand_type {
+            ast::Type::Pointer(operand_ptr_type, operand_ptr_space)
+                if *operand_ptr_space == instruction_space =>
+            {
+                if instruction_type != &ast::Type::Scalar(*operand_ptr_type) {
+                    Ok(Some(ConversionKind::PtrToPtr))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(None)
+                }
+            }
+            // TODO: 32 bit
+            ast::Type::Scalar(ast::ScalarType::B64)
+            | ast::Type::Scalar(ast::ScalarType::U64)
+            | ast::Type::Scalar(ast::ScalarType::S64) => match instruction_space {
+                ast::StateSpace::Global
+                | ast::StateSpace::Generic
+                | ast::StateSpace::Const
+                | ast::StateSpace::Local
+                | ast::StateSpace::Shared => Ok(Some(ConversionKind::BitToPtr)),
+                _ => Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType),
+            },
+            ast::Type::Scalar(ast::ScalarType::B32)
+            | ast::Type::Scalar(ast::ScalarType::U32)
+            | ast::Type::Scalar(ast::ScalarType::S32) => match instruction_space {
+                ast::StateSpace::Const | ast::StateSpace::Local | ast::StateSpace::Shared => {
+                    Ok(Some(ConversionKind::BitToPtr))
+                }
+                _ => Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType),
+            },
+            _ => Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType),
+        }
+    } else if state_is_compatible(instruction_space, ast::StateSpace::Reg) {
+        match instruction_type {
+            ast::Type::Pointer(instruction_ptr_type, instruction_ptr_space)
+                if operand_space == *instruction_ptr_space =>
+            {
+                if operand_type != &ast::Type::Scalar(*instruction_ptr_type) {
+                    Ok(Some(ConversionKind::PtrToPtr))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(None)
+                }
+            }
+            _ => Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType),
+        }
+    } else {
+        Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType)
+    }
+}
+
+// Space is same, but type is different
+fn default_implicit_conversion_type(
+    space: ast::StateSpace,
+    operand_type: &ast::Type,
+    instruction_type: &ast::Type,
+) -> Result<Option<ConversionKind>, TranslateError> {
+    if state_is_compatible(space, ast::StateSpace::Reg) {
+        if should_bitcast(instruction_type, operand_type) {
+            Ok(Some(ConversionKind::Default))
+        } else {
+            Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType)
+        }
+    } else {
+        Ok(Some(ConversionKind::PtrToPtr))
+    }
+}
+
+fn coerces_to_generic(this: ast::StateSpace) -> bool {
+    match this {
+        ast::StateSpace::Global
+        | ast::StateSpace::Const
+        | ast::StateSpace::Local
+        | ptx_parser::StateSpace::SharedCta
+        | ast::StateSpace::SharedCluster
+        | ast::StateSpace::Shared => true,
+        ast::StateSpace::Reg
+        | ast::StateSpace::Param
+        | ast::StateSpace::ParamEntry
+        | ast::StateSpace::ParamFunc
+        | ast::StateSpace::Generic
+        | ast::StateSpace::Sreg => false,
+    }
+}
+
+fn should_bitcast(instr: &ast::Type, operand: &ast::Type) -> bool {
+    match (instr, operand) {
+        (ast::Type::Scalar(inst), ast::Type::Scalar(operand)) => {
+            if inst.size_of() != operand.size_of() {
+                return false;
+            }
+            match inst.kind() {
+                ast::ScalarKind::Bit => operand.kind() != ast::ScalarKind::Bit,
+                ast::ScalarKind::Float => operand.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Bit,
+                ast::ScalarKind::Signed => {
+                    operand.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Bit
+                        || operand.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Unsigned
+                }
+                ast::ScalarKind::Unsigned => {
+                    operand.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Bit
+                        || operand.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Signed
+                }
+                ast::ScalarKind::Pred => false,
+            }
+        }
+        (ast::Type::Vector(inst, _), ast::Type::Vector(operand, _))
+        | (ast::Type::Array(inst, _), ast::Type::Array(operand, _)) => {
+            should_bitcast(&ast::Type::Scalar(*inst), &ast::Type::Scalar(*operand))
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+fn should_convert_relaxed_dst_wrapper(
+    (operand_space, operand_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+    (instruction_space, instruction_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+) -> Result<Option<ConversionKind>, TranslateError> {
+    if !state_is_compatible(operand_space, instruction_space) {
+        return Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType);
+    }
+    if operand_type == instruction_type {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    match should_convert_relaxed_dst(operand_type, instruction_type) {
+        conv @ Some(_) => Ok(conv),
+        None => Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType),
+    }
+}
+
+// https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/parallel-thread-execution/index.html#operand-size-exceeding-instruction-type-size__relaxed-type-checking-rules-destination-operands
+fn should_convert_relaxed_dst(
+    dst_type: &ast::Type,
+    instr_type: &ast::Type,
+) -> Option<ConversionKind> {
+    if dst_type == instr_type {
+        return None;
+    }
+    match (dst_type, instr_type) {
+        (ast::Type::Scalar(dst_type), ast::Type::Scalar(instr_type)) => match instr_type.kind() {
+            ast::ScalarKind::Bit => {
+                if instr_type.size_of() <= dst_type.size_of() {
+                    Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Signed => {
+                if dst_type.kind() != ast::ScalarKind::Float {
+                    if instr_type.size_of() == dst_type.size_of() {
+                        Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                    } else if instr_type.size_of() < dst_type.size_of() {
+                        Some(ConversionKind::SignExtend)
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Unsigned => {
+                if instr_type.size_of() <= dst_type.size_of()
+                    && dst_type.kind() != ast::ScalarKind::Float
+                {
+                    Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Float => {
+                if instr_type.size_of() <= dst_type.size_of()
+                    && dst_type.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Bit
+                {
+                    Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Pred => None,
+        },
+        (ast::Type::Vector(dst_type, _), ast::Type::Vector(instr_type, _))
+        | (ast::Type::Array(dst_type, _), ast::Type::Array(instr_type, _)) => {
+            should_convert_relaxed_dst(
+                &ast::Type::Scalar(*dst_type),
+                &ast::Type::Scalar(*instr_type),
+            )
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn should_convert_relaxed_src_wrapper(
+    (operand_space, operand_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+    (instruction_space, instruction_type): (ast::StateSpace, &ast::Type),
+) -> Result<Option<ConversionKind>, TranslateError> {
+    if !state_is_compatible(operand_space, instruction_space) {
+        return Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType);
+    }
+    if operand_type == instruction_type {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    match should_convert_relaxed_src(operand_type, instruction_type) {
+        conv @ Some(_) => Ok(conv),
+        None => Err(TranslateError::MismatchedType),
+    }
+}
+
+// https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/parallel-thread-execution/index.html#operand-size-exceeding-instruction-type-size__relaxed-type-checking-rules-source-operands
+fn should_convert_relaxed_src(
+    src_type: &ast::Type,
+    instr_type: &ast::Type,
+) -> Option<ConversionKind> {
+    if src_type == instr_type {
+        return None;
+    }
+    match (src_type, instr_type) {
+        (ast::Type::Scalar(src_type), ast::Type::Scalar(instr_type)) => match instr_type.kind() {
+            ast::ScalarKind::Bit => {
+                if instr_type.size_of() <= src_type.size_of() {
+                    Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Signed | ast::ScalarKind::Unsigned => {
+                if instr_type.size_of() <= src_type.size_of()
+                    && src_type.kind() != ast::ScalarKind::Float
+                {
+                    Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Float => {
+                if instr_type.size_of() <= src_type.size_of()
+                    && src_type.kind() == ast::ScalarKind::Bit
+                {
+                    Some(ConversionKind::Default)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ast::ScalarKind::Pred => None,
+        },
+        (ast::Type::Vector(dst_type, _), ast::Type::Vector(instr_type, _))
+        | (ast::Type::Array(dst_type, _), ast::Type::Array(instr_type, _)) => {
+            should_convert_relaxed_src(
+                &ast::Type::Scalar(*dst_type),
+                &ast::Type::Scalar(*instr_type),
+            )
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ptx/src/pass/mod.rs b/ptx/src/pass/mod.rs
index 896a34a..1fdf3a6 100644
--- a/ptx/src/pass/mod.rs
+++ b/ptx/src/pass/mod.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ mod fix_special_registers;
 mod insert_mem_ssa_statements;
 mod normalize_identifiers;
 mod normalize_predicates;
+mod insert_implicit_conversions;
+mod normalize_labels;
+mod extract_globals;
 
 static ZLUDA_PTX_IMPL_INTEL: &'static [u8] = include_bytes!("../../lib/zluda_ptx_impl.spv");
 static ZLUDA_PTX_IMPL_AMD: &'static [u8] = include_bytes!("../../lib/zluda_ptx_impl.bc");
@@ -184,14 +187,12 @@ fn to_ssa<'input, 'b>(
     )?;
     let mut numeric_id_defs = numeric_id_defs.finish();
     let expanded_statements = expand_arguments::run(ssa_statements, &mut numeric_id_defs)?;
-    todo!()
-    /*
     let expanded_statements =
-        insert_implicit_conversions(expanded_statements, &mut numeric_id_defs)?;
+        insert_implicit_conversions::run(expanded_statements, &mut numeric_id_defs)?;
     let mut numeric_id_defs = numeric_id_defs.unmut();
-    let labeled_statements = normalize_labels(expanded_statements, &mut numeric_id_defs);
+    let labeled_statements = normalize_labels::run(expanded_statements, &mut numeric_id_defs);
     let (f_body, globals) =
-        extract_globals(labeled_statements, ptx_impl_imports, &mut numeric_id_defs)?;
+        extract_globals::run(labeled_statements, ptx_impl_imports, &mut numeric_id_defs)?;
     Ok(Function {
         func_decl: func_decl,
         globals: globals,
@@ -200,7 +201,6 @@ fn to_ssa<'input, 'b>(
         tuning,
         linkage,
     })
-     */
 }
 
 pub struct Module {
@@ -1220,3 +1220,56 @@ fn state_is_compatible(this: ast::StateSpace, other: ast::StateSpace) -> bool {
         || this == ast::StateSpace::Reg && other == ast::StateSpace::Sreg
         || this == ast::StateSpace::Sreg && other == ast::StateSpace::Reg
 }
+
+fn register_external_fn_call<'a>(
+    id_defs: &mut NumericIdResolver,
+    ptx_impl_imports: &mut HashMap<String, Directive>,
+    name: String,
+    return_arguments: impl Iterator<Item = (&'a ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
+    input_arguments: impl Iterator<Item = (&'a ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
+) -> Result<SpirvWord, TranslateError> {
+    match ptx_impl_imports.entry(name) {
+        hash_map::Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
+            let fn_id = id_defs.register_intermediate(None);
+            let return_arguments = fn_arguments_to_variables(id_defs, return_arguments);
+            let input_arguments = fn_arguments_to_variables(id_defs, input_arguments);
+            let func_decl = ast::MethodDeclaration::<SpirvWord> {
+                return_arguments,
+                name: ast::MethodName::Func(fn_id),
+                input_arguments,
+                shared_mem: None,
+            };
+            let func = Function {
+                func_decl: Rc::new(RefCell::new(func_decl)),
+                globals: Vec::new(),
+                body: None,
+                import_as: Some(entry.key().clone()),
+                tuning: Vec::new(),
+                linkage: ast::LinkingDirective::EXTERN,
+            };
+            entry.insert(Directive::Method(func));
+            Ok(fn_id)
+        }
+        hash_map::Entry::Occupied(entry) => match entry.get() {
+            Directive::Method(Function { func_decl, .. }) => match (**func_decl).borrow().name {
+                ast::MethodName::Func(fn_id) => Ok(fn_id),
+                ast::MethodName::Kernel(_) => Err(error_unreachable()),
+            },
+            _ => Err(error_unreachable()),
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+fn fn_arguments_to_variables<'a>(
+    id_defs: &mut NumericIdResolver,
+    args: impl Iterator<Item = (&'a ast::Type, ast::StateSpace)>,
+) -> Vec<ast::Variable<SpirvWord>> {
+    args.map(|(typ, space)| ast::Variable {
+        align: None,
+        v_type: typ.clone(),
+        state_space: space,
+        name: id_defs.register_intermediate(None),
+        array_init: Vec::new(),
+    })
+    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+}
diff --git a/ptx/src/pass/normalize_labels.rs b/ptx/src/pass/normalize_labels.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..097d87c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ptx/src/pass/normalize_labels.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use std::{collections::HashSet, iter};
+
+use super::*;
+
+pub(super) fn run(
+    func: Vec<ExpandedStatement>,
+    id_def: &mut NumericIdResolver,
+) -> Vec<ExpandedStatement> {
+    let mut labels_in_use = HashSet::new();
+    for s in func.iter() {
+        match s {
+            Statement::Instruction(i) => {
+                if let Some(target) = jump_target(i) {
+                    labels_in_use.insert(target);
+                }
+            }
+            Statement::Conditional(cond) => {
+                labels_in_use.insert(cond.if_true);
+                labels_in_use.insert(cond.if_false);
+            }
+            Statement::Variable(..)
+            | Statement::LoadVar(..)
+            | Statement::StoreVar(..)
+            | Statement::RetValue(..)
+            | Statement::Conversion(..)
+            | Statement::Constant(..)
+            | Statement::Label(..)
+            | Statement::PtrAccess { .. }
+            | Statement::RepackVector(..)
+            | Statement::FunctionPointer(..) => {}
+        }
+    }
+    iter::once(Statement::Label(id_def.register_intermediate(None)))
+        .chain(func.into_iter().filter(|s| match s {
+            Statement::Label(i) => labels_in_use.contains(i),
+            _ => true,
+        }))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+}
+
+fn jump_target<T: ast::Operand<Ident = SpirvWord>>(
+    this: &ast::Instruction<T>,
+) -> Option<SpirvWord> {
+    match this {
+        ast::Instruction::Bra { arguments } => Some(arguments.src),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}