Instead of calling TODO(), which will abort the program, we now return
an Error specifying that we haven't implemented the drawing operation
yet. This will now nicely trickle up all the way through to the
PDFViewer, which will then notify its clients about the problem.
The current rendering routine aborts as soon as an error is found during
rendering, which potentially severely limits the contents we show on
screen. Moreover, whenever an error happens the PDFViewer widget shows
an error dialog, and doesn't display the bitmap that has been painted so
far.
This commit improves the situation in both fronts, implementing
rendering now with a best-effort approach. Firstly, execution of
operations isn't halted after an operand results in an error, but
instead execution of all operations is always attempted, and all
collected errors are returned in bulk. Secondly, PDFViewer now always
displays the resulting bitmap, regardless of error being produced or
not. To communicate errors, an on_render_errors callback has been added
so clients can subscribe to these events and handle them as appropriate.
After adding support for XObject Form rendering, the next was to display
XObject images. This commit adds this initial support,
Images come in many shapes and forms: encodings: color spaces, bits per
component, width, height, etc. This initial support is constrained to
the color spaces we currently support, to images that use 8 bits per
component, to images that do *not* use the JPXDecode filter, and that
are not Masks. There are surely other constraints that aren't considered
in this initial support, so expect breakage here and there.
In addition to supporting images, we also support applying an alpha mask
(SMask) on them. Additionally, a new rendering preference allows to skip
image loading and rendering altogether, instead showing an empty
rectangle as a placeholder (useful for when actual images are not
supported). Since RenderingPreferences is becoming a bit more complex,
we add a hash option that will allow us to keep track of different
preferences (e.g., in a HashMap).
ColorSpaces can be specified in two ways: with a stream as operands of
the color space operations (CS/cs), or as a separate PDF object, which
is then referred to by other means (e.g., from Image XObjects and other
entities). These two modes of addressing a ColorSpace are slightly
different and need to be addressed separately. However, the current
implementation embedded the full logic of the first case in the routine
that created ColorSpace objects.
This commit refactors the creation of ColorSpace to support both cases.
First, a new ColorSpaceFamily class encapsulates the static aspects of a
family, like its name or whether color space construction never requires
parameters. Then we define the supported ColorSpaceFamily objects.
On top of this also sit a breakage on how ColorSpaces are created. Two
methods are now offered: one only providing construction of no-argument
color spaces (and thus taking a simple name), and another taking an
ArrayObject, hence used to create ColorSpaces requiring arguments.
Finally, on top of *that* two ways to get a color space in the Renderer
are made available: the first creates a ColorSpace with a name and a
Resources dictionary, and another takes an Object. These model the two
addressing modes described above.
We have a new, improved string type coming up in AK (OOM aware, no null
state), and while it's going to use UTF-8, the name UTF8String is a
mouthful - so let's free up the String name by renaming the existing
class.
Making the old one have an annoying name will hopefully also help with
quick adoption :^)
This implementation currently handles Form XObjects only, skipping
image XObjects. When rendering an XObject, its resources are passed to
the underlying operations so they use those instead of the Page's.
Operators usually assume that the resources its operations will require
will be the Page's. This assumption breaks however when XObjects with
their own resources come into the picture (and maybe other cases too).
In that case, the XObject's resources take precedence, but they should
also contain the Page's resources. Because of this, one can safely use
the XObject resources alone when given, and default to the Page's if
not.
This commit adds all operator calls an extra argument with optional
resources, which will be fed by XObjects as necessary.
Resources can come from other sources (e.g., XObjects), and since the
only attribute we are reading from Page are its resources it makes sense
to receive resources instead. That way we'll be able to pass down
arbitrary resources that are not necessarily declared at the page level.
Paths rendering was buggy because the map() function that translates
points from user space to bitmap space applied the vertical flip
conversion that the current transformation matrix already considers;
Hence, all paths were upside down. The only exception was the "re"
instruction, which manually adjusted the Y coordinate of its points to
be flipped again (and had a FIXME saying that this should be
unnecessary).
This commit fixes the map() function that maps userspace points to
bitmap coordinates. The "re" operator implementation has also been
simplified creating a rectangle first and mapping *that* instead of
mapping each point individually.
A new struct allows users to specify specific rendering preferences that
the Renderer class might use to paint some Document elements onto the
target bitmap. The first toggle allows rendering (or not) the clipping
paths on a page, which is useful for debugging.
The existing path clipping support was broken, as it performed the
clipping operation as soon as the path clipping commands (W/W*) were
received. The correct behavior is to keep a clipping path in the
graphic state, *intersect* that with the current path upon receiving
W/W*, and apply the clipping when performing painting operations. On top
of that, the intersection happening at W/W* time does not affect the
painting operation happening on the current on-build path, but takes
effect only after the current path is cleared; therefore a current and a
next clipping path need to be kept track of.
Path clipping is not yet supported on the Painter class, nor is path
intersection. We thus continue using the same simplified bounding box
approach to calculate clipping paths.
Since now we are dealing with more rectangles-as-path code, I've made
helper functions to build a rectangle path and reuse it as needed.
It was previously the job of the renderer to create fonts, load
replacements for the standard 14 fonts and to pass the font size back
to the PDFFont when asking for glyph widths.
Now, the renderer tells the font its size at creation, as it doesn't
change throughout the life of the font. The PDFFont itself is now
responsible to decide whether or not it needs to use a replacement
font, which still is Liberation Serif for now.
This means that we can now render embedded TrueType fonts as well :^)
It also makes the renderer's job much more simple and leads to a much
cleaner API design.
Previously we would draw all text, no matter what font type, as
Liberation Serif, which results in things like ugly character spacing.
We now have partial support for drawing Type 1 glyphs, which are part of
a PostScript font program. We completely ignore hinting for now, which
results in ugly looking characters at low resolutions, but gain support
for a large number of typefaces, including most of the default fonts
used in TeX.
As per spec, the positioning (or kerning) parameter of this operator
should translate the text matrix before the next showing of text.
Previously, this calculation was slightly wrong and also only applied
after the text was already shown.
Each of these strings would previously rely on StringView's char const*
constructor overload, which would call __builtin_strlen on the string.
Since we now have operator ""sv, we can replace these with much simpler
versions. This opens the door to being able to remove
StringView(char const*).
No functional changes.
Incorrect is in quotes because the spec (both 1.7 and 2.0) specify this
multiplication as it was originally! However, flipping the order of
operations here makes the text in all of my test cases render in the
correct position.
The CTM is a transformation matrix between the text coordinate system
and the device coordinate system. However, being on the right-side of
the multiplication means that the CTM scale parameters don't have any
influence on the translation component of the left-side matrix. This
oddity is what originally led to me just trying this change to see if
it worked.
This isn't tested all that well, as the PDF I am testing with only uses
it for black (which is trivial). It can be tested further when LibPDF
is able to process more complex PDFs that actually use this color space
non-trivially.
This commit adds the Renderer class, which is responsible for rendering
a page into a Gfx::Bitmap. There are many improvements to make here,
but this is a great start!
