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96 lines
3 KiB
Markdown
96 lines
3 KiB
Markdown
## Name
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test - check files and compare values
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## Synopsis
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```**sh
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$ test expression
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$ test
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$ [ expression ]
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$ [ ]
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```
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## Description
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`test` takes a given expression and sets the exit code according to its truthiness, 0 if true, 1 if false.
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An omitted expression defaults to false, and an unexpected error causes an exit code of 126.
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If `test` is invoked as `[`, a trailing `]` is _required_ after the expression.
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## Expressions
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The expression can take any of the following forms:
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### Grouping
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* `( <expression> )` value of expression
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### Boolean operations
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* `! <expression>` negation of expression
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* `<expression> -a <expression>` boolean conjunction of the values
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* `<expression> -o <expression>` boolean disjunction of the values
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### String comparison
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* `<string>` whether the string is non-empty
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* `-n <string>` whether the string is non-empty
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* `-z <string>` whether the string is empty
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* `<string> = <string>` whether the two strings are equal
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* `<string> != <string>` whether the two strings not equal
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### Integer comparison
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* `<integer> -eq <integer>` whether the two integers are equal
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* `<integer> -ne <integer>` whether the two integers are not equal
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* `<integer> -lt <integer>` whether the integer on the left is less than the integer on the right
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* `<integer> -gt <integer>` whether the integer on the left is greater than the integer on the right
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* `<integer> -le <integer>` whether the integer on the left is less than or equal to the integer on the right
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* `<integer> -ge <integer>` whether the integer on the left is greater than or equal to the integer on the right
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### File comparison
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* `<file> -ef <file>` whether the two files are the same (have the same inode and device numbers)
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* `<file> -nt <file>` whether the file on the left is newer than the file on the right (modification date is used)
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* `<file> -ot <file>` whether the file on the left is older than the file on the right (modification date is used)
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### File type checks
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* `-b <file>` whether the file is a block device
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* `-c <file>` whether the file is a character device
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* `-f <file>` whether the file is a regular file
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* `-d <file>` whether the file is a directory
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* `-p <file>` whether the file is a pipe
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* `-S <file>` whether the file is a socket
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* `-h <file>`, `-L <file>` whether the file is a symbolic link
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### File permission checks
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* `-r <file>` whether the current user has read access to the file
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* `-w <file>` whether the current user has write access to the file
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* `-x <file>` whether the current user has execute access to the file
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* `-e <file>` whether the file exists
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Except for `-h/-L`, all file checks dereference symbolic links.
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NOTE: Your shell might have a builtin named 'test' and/or '[', please refer to your shell's documentation for further details.
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## Options
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None.
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## Examples
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```sh
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# Conditionally do something based on the value of a variable
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$ /bin/test "$foo" = bar && echo foo is bar
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# Check some numbers
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$ /bin/test \( 10 -gt 20 \) -o \( ! 10 -ne 10 \) && echo "magic numbers!"
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```
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## See Also
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* [`find`(1)](help://man/1/find)
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